Fever Thermometer F.A.Q.

Fever Thermometer F.A.Q.

1. What is a Fever?

A fever is a temporary rise in body temperature triggered by illness or infection. It plays a crucial role in the body's defense system, helping to combat infections. Most bacteria and viruses that cause illness thrive at a normal body temperature of 37.0°C (98.6°F). Infants and children often experience high fevers even with mild viral infections. While a fever indicates the body is fighting an illness, it is actually working in favor of the person, not against them.

2. What is a Normal Body Temperature?

Normal body temperature averages at 98.6°F (37.0°C); which is also the average normal temperature result when using the oral measurement method.

It is important to note however, when taking a temperature via other measurement methods this can vary slightly. Use the following guidelines to assess whether or not your temperature is considered ‘normal’:

·         Rectal: Rectal temperatures result in a 0.5°F - 1°F/0.3°C - 0.6°C higher measurement than oral temperatures.

·         Ear: Ear temperatures result in a 0.5°F - 1°F/0.3°C - 0.6°C higher measurement than oral temperatures.

·         Armpit (Axillary): Underarm temperatures most often result in a 0.5°F - 1°F/0.3°C - 0.6°C lower measurement than oral temperatures.

·         Forehead: Forehead temperatures most often result in a 0.5°F - 1°F/0.3°C - 0.6°C lower measurement than oral temperatures.

*Temperature readings from different measurement sites should not be compared, as normal body temperature varies depending on the location and time of day. It typically reaches its lowest point about an hour before waking up and its highest in the evening. If you have any concerns about your temperature or the temperature of a dependent reach out to your healthcare provider. Do not use a thermometer for self-diagnosis.

3. What Are the Recommended Fever Screening Methods, By Age?

Age	Recommended Site
< 2 Years	1.       Rectum2.       Axillary/Underarm*
2-5 Years	1.       Rectum2.       Axillary/Underarm*3.       Ear4.       Forehead
5 Years & Older	1.       Oral2.       Axillary/Underarm*3.       Ear4.       Forehead

*Axillary/Underarm measurements are ideal for general screening, but not as accurate as other methods may be for tracking a fever in young children.

4) How Does a Stick Thermometer Work?

A stick thermometer is a compact, portable device designed to measure body temperature. It features a heat-sensing probe on one end, which contains a thermal resistor, a component that alters its electrical resistance based on temperature changes. As the probe’s temperature increases, the thermal resistor’s resistance also rises. The thermometer detects this change in resistance and converts it into a temperature reading, which is then displayed on a digital screen. Known for their speed and accuracy, stick thermometers provide results within 2 to 60 seconds. They are user-friendly, typically requiring just one button to operate.

Thanks to their small size, stick thermometers are easy to store in a medicine cabinet or first aid kit. They are also more portable than larger ear or forehead thermometers, making them a convenient option for travel or carrying in a purse or bag.

5) How to Properly Take a Temperature Using a Stick Thermometer

a) Oral Method (By Mouth)

For an oral temperature reading, place the tip of the thermometer under the tongue, toward the back of the mouth. If being used to monitor the temperature of a child, ensure that they keep their mouth closed and breathe through their nose without talking or biting down on the thermometer. This method is suitable for children aged 5 and older who can understand and cooperate with instructions. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions and wait for the digital thermometer to beep before reading the temperature. If the user has consumed hot or cold food or drinks, wait at least 30 minutes before measuring.

b) Rectal Method (By Rectum)

For a rectal temperature reading (generally used for young children only), lay the child belly-down across your lap. Apply a small amount of petroleum jelly to the tip of the thermometer, and then gently insert it about half an inch into the rectum. Stop immediately if you feel any resistance. Hold the thermometer in place at all times and never let go. This method is especially effective for infants.

c) Axillary Method (Under the Arm)

Taking an underarm (axillary) temperature is a safe option for all ages, including toddlers and children under 4 years old. If using on a child, place the thermometer in the child’s armpit and press their arm snugly against their body to keep the tip covered. While this method is easy and non-invasive, it is less accurate than a rectal measurement and should not be used for tracking a fever.

6. How Do Ear Thermometers They Work?

Ear temperature, also called tympanic membrane (eardrum) temperature, is a quick and gentle method for measuring body temperature through the ear. Ear thermometers detect infrared energy emitted by the eardrum and surrounding tissue. This energy is gathered through a lens and is then converted into a temperature reading.

7. Are Ear Thermometers Accurate?

BIOS Ear thermometers provide a reading in just one second and offer exceptional accuracy (+/- 0.2°C). However, accurate results depend on proper usage. A common misconception is that ear thermometers are inaccurate, but variations in readings often occur due to incorrect positioning. For the most reliable measurement, it is essential to aim the probe directly at the eardrum.

8. How Do I Properly Take a Temperature Using an Ear Thermometer?

a)       Before measuring, remain in a temperature stable environment and avoid exercise, bathing, or other activities that could alter body temperature for at least 30 minutes.

b)       Keep the person's head still—either by holding a child’s head in place or instructing an adult to remain still.

c)       Gently pull the middle of the ear back and up to straighten the ear canal, then firmly place the probe into the ear canal. This positioning ensures accurate readings.

d)       Always use the thermometer in the same ear, maintaining the same direction and depth for consistency. It is recommended to take three measurements in the same ear allowing 30 seconds between each measurement. If the readings differ, use the highest one.

e)       Earwax buildup can affect accuracy, potentially leading to lower readings. Ensure the ear canal is clean before taking a measurement.

*It is not recommended to use ear thermometers on infants due to the ear canal not yet being fully developed.  If you are taking an ear measurement, ensure that the opening of the ear is large enough to accept the thermometer’s probe.  If the probe is too large, it will measure the temperatures of the ear canal and not the eardrum.

9. What Are the Benefits of Using a Forehead Thermometer? 

Forehead thermometers are a popular choice for parents for several reasons:

·         Convenience: Forehead thermometers allow you to take a temperature quickly and easily. This is especially helpful with squirmy children.

·         Non-invasive: They are a gentle way to take a temperature, as they don't require any uncomfortable insertion. This can make them less stressful for children who are afraid of having their temperature taken.

·         Hygienic: Forehead thermometers are more hygienic than other types of thermometers, as they don't come into contact with mucous membranes. This can help to reduce the spread of germs.

 10. How Do Forehead Thermometers Work and Are They Accurate?

Forehead thermometers use an infrared sensor to measure the temperature of the temporal artery, which runs across the forehead. While they provide a quick and convenient way to take a temperature, they may not be as precise as other thermometers. The temperature on the surface of the forehead may differ from internal temperatures due to a condition called “vasoconstriction.” This occurs during the early stages of a fever, when blood vessels constrict and cool the skin. To ensure accuracy, it is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions. If the readings appear unusually low, you can also take the internal body temperature using an ear or stick thermometer for comparison.

11. How Do I Take a Forehead Temperature?

To ensure accuracy, please follow the manufacturer’s instructions, in addition to the following steps:

a)       Ensure the thermometer's lens is clean
b)      Aim the probe at the center of the forehead, with a distance of no more than 5 cm
(Note: Measuring at the temple generally yields a higher temperature because there is more blood flow in that region)
c)       Remove head coverings, hair, sweat, or dirt
d)      Avoid taking measurements in direct sunlight
e)      Make sure you are in a stable environment
f)        Avoid exercise and bathing for 30 minutes prior

12. Are Glass Thermometers Safe?

Glass thermometers can be safe to use, provided you follow the instructions carefully and ensure they are mercury-free. Mercury is toxic, and if a thermometer containing mercury breaks, it can pose health risks through inhalation or skin contact. Therefore, it is important to choose glass thermometers that use safer alternatives.

By selecting a mercury-free glass thermometer and following the below listed safety measures, you can reduce the risk of potential hazards:

a)       Inspect the thermometer before each use to make sure it is intact and free from cracks
b)      Store the thermometer in its protective case when not in use to prevent accidental breakage

13. Where is the Best Place to Use a Glass Thermometer?

When using a glass thermometer, the recommended measurement sites are sublingual (under the tongue) and axillary (under the armpit):

a) Under the Tongue:
For an oral temperature reading, place the tip of the thermometer under the tongue, toward the back of the mouth. If being used to monitor the temperature of a child, ensure that they keep their mouth closed and breathe through their nose without talking or biting the thermometer. This method is suitable for anyone aged 5 and older who can understand and co-operate with use instructions.. If the user has consumed hot or cold food or drinks, wait at least 30 minutes before measuring.

b) Under the Arm:
Taking an underarm temperature is a safe option for users of all ages, including toddlers and children under 4 years old. However, it should be noted that axillary readings can take longer to generate, and are typically less accurate than oral readings, as external factors can influence results. Ensure proper placement and keep the thermometer in place as directed.

14. When Should I Contact my Physician?

Refer to the guidelines below to determine when to contact your doctor. These recommendations are not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always reach out to your doctor if you have any questions or concerns about you or your child's well-being.

 1.       Under one month old: Call your doctor right away if your baby's temperature goes over 38.5°C (101.3°F) rectally, even if he or she doesn't seem sick. Your doctor may want to see your baby and may want to admit them to the hospital to find out what's causing the fever. Babies this young can get very sick, very quickly. Call your doctor if your baby has any of the warning signs or symptoms listed below, even if they aren’t running a fever.

2.       One to three months old: Call your doctor if your baby has a temperature of 38.5°C (101.4°F) even if your baby doesn't seem sick, or a temperature of 38.0°C (100.4°F) that has lasted more than 24 hours. Call your doctor if your baby has any of the warning signs or symptoms listed below.

3.       Three months to two years: If your child has a fever of 38.6°C (101.4°F), watch how they act. Call the doctor if the fever rises or lasts for more than three days, or if your child has any of the warning signs or symptoms listed below. If the temperature is 39.0°C (103°F), call your doctor even if your child seems to feel fine.

4.       Over two years old: If your child has a fever of 38.6°C (101.4°F), watch how he or she acts. Call the doctor if the fever rises or lasts more than three days or if your child has any of the warning signs or symptoms listed below:

 Warning Signs & Symptoms:

Changes in behavior 
Severe headache 
Constant vomiting or diarrhea 
Skin rashes 
Dry mouth 
Sore throat that doesn't improve 
Earache that doesn't improve or pulling at ears 
Stiff neck 
Fever persisting over several days 
Stomach pain 
High-pitched crying 
Swelling on the soft spot on the head 
Irritable 
Unresponsive or limp 
Not hungry 
Wheezing or problems breathing 
Pale 
Whimpering 
Seizures 
Sore or swollen joints